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NiPETERS. PNOTO-LITNDGRAPHER. WASHINGTON, D. C.M

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Letters Patent No. 98,372, dated December 28. 1869.

The Scheule referred to :ln these Lettexs'Patent and making part of the lame.

' 1.. l I' y To all whom it may concern.-

Be it'known that I, B. It. HAWLEY, of Normal, in the county of McLean, `and in the State of Illinois,

have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Buildings; and do hereby declare.that -the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, making a. part of this specification.

The nature of my invention consists- First, in having a hot-air shaft, to be lconstructed of any material, to receive the heated air from the warmer, and to convey it to the Several rooms in the house, and discharge it into the roomsa-s it may be needed, by means of valves, registers, or transoms.

. Second, in making a continuous line of plastering,

or other material, to exclude the ingress of air through the outer wall, on the inside of the outside wall from the sill to the plate, for the purpose of cutting otf all air from theoutside or the attic.

Third, in using the hollow partitions in any house,

for the purpose 'of exhaustingthe foul air from the rooms of the house, the partitions being open at the top and bottom.

1n order to enable others skilled in the art to which my invention appertains, to make and use the same, I will now proceed to describe its construction and operation, referring to the annexed drawings, which represent a perspective view of a house, one side and portion of the root' being removed.

I place thc warmerin the basement, hall, or other vconvenient apartment, to which warmer'the cold'- air is admitted by any convenient cold-air duct. \Vhen hea-ted,

the air is conducted, by one upright shaft, to' the different rooms, and dischargedinto the rooms by means,

of valves, registers, or transoms. The heated or vitiated air in the rooms, is then forced into the hollow partitions, and f: om said hollow partitions is conducted where it is needed, by means of the valves or dampersa'. These throw it into the room where needed, and in the quantity desired, or shut it out entirely from a room or story. Thence it rises to the roof, and the a'ir that has been in the room passes out near the bottom, between the partitions U C, and between the floor D andceiling E, which are so constructed as to .admit of a free circulation to the base of the chimney or foul-air shaft F, which foul-air shaft may be connected with the chimney or not, as is desired. It is generally so connected, because the air is rarefed by the heat 'of the chimney, or `the hot air and smoke of the chimney.

The inner surface of the outer walls should be plas- `tered, or provided with other suitable materah-and continuous and unbroken, so as to make the house, as

near as possible, air-.tight within the inner sulface of the outer walls.

The space'l or chamber thus formed betweenthe inv ner and outer walls, rendered air-tight from the outside by theV plastering, is connected by suitable apertures with the room, as Well as with the hot-air and foul-air shafts, and also by suitable apertures with the space or chamber formed in thetioor and ceiling,

causing a perfect circulation ofthe air throughout the whole house. The plastering mentioned extendsalso between the floor and ceilings, so. as tojexclude the cold ,a.ir from the atticand basement'. l

Having thus fully desciibed my invention, "What I claim as new, and desire to secuie by Let- The combination of. the devices herein described, for Ventilating and heating buildings, consisting of the hot-air shaft B, provided with dampers a a, the foulairshaft F, and the space or chamber formed between the inner and outer walls, and in the oor and ceiling,

said space or chamber being rendered air-tight from the outside by a continuous line of plastering or other equivalent, on the inside of the outside walls, substantially as set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing, I have herei unto set my hand, this '1st day of September, 1869.

B. 1t. HAWLEYJ Witnesses.:

Trios. Stans, W. M. HATCH. 

